estimated by vs estimated as

Both 'estimated by' and 'estimated as' are correct phrases, but they are used in different contexts. 'Estimated by' is used when mentioning the person or entity doing the estimation, while 'estimated as' is used when stating the result of the estimation.

Last updated: March 22, 2024 • 1406 views

estimated by

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English.

Use 'estimated by' when you want to mention the person or entity doing the estimation. For example, 'The project cost was estimated by the construction company.'

Examples:

The population of the city was estimated by the census bureau.
The damage caused by the storm was estimated by the insurance company.
The value of the artwork was estimated by the appraiser.

Show examples from the web [+]

Indeed, this total cost was estimated by BE itself in its 2001/2002 accounts at GBP 240/kgU.
Please state the estimated amounts lost to the European Commission by corruption and fraud in each financial year since 1990, as estimated by the Court of Auditors.
They consisted for the most part of cuts in income tax, the cost of which is estimated by the programme at about 1,2 % of GDP.
The amounts estimated by the Authorising Officer are shown in the table below.
The amounts estimated by the Authorising Officer are shown in table 8.4.
Where those quantities are not known because no declaration has been made, they shall be estimated by the competent authority.
Where these quantities are not known because no declaration has been made, they shall be estimated by the competent authority.
To start with, the investigation raised doubt as to the accuracy of the total number of direct PV jobs as estimated by the European PV association.
To start with, the investigation raised doubt as to the accuracy of the total number of direct PV jobs as estimated by EPIA.
the GNP deflator estimated by the Commission for the same period;
Wherever possible the trueness of analysis shall be estimated by including suitable certified reference materials in the analysis.
The protein content of PPD tuberculin must be estimated by the Kjeldahl method.
IT: 2005 result estimated by the Commission.
The conclusion of the institution building process may take longer than estimated by the Commission.
The amounts will be estimated by the Commission services concerned regardless of the source of information which establishes an irregularity.
Pharmacokinetic parameters estimated by the model were very close to those estimated from phase I studies.
The effect of these independent variables on the distribution fee for a product like postal savings certificates was estimated by means of regression analysis.
The vapour pressure of liquids and solids can be estimated by use of the modified Watson Correlation (a).
For volatile substances, the dose may be estimated by weighing a receiving container before and after removal of the test material.
This value is, according to the beneficiary, expressed in prices estimated by independent experts at around the end of 2003/beginning of 2004.

Alternatives:

calculated by
determined by
evaluated by
assessed by
judged by

estimated as

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English.

Use 'estimated as' when you want to state the result of the estimation. For example, 'The cost of the project was estimated as $1 million.'