by refer to vs by referring to

The phrase 'by referring to' is correct, while 'by refer to' is incorrect. The form 'by referring to' indicates the action of referring to something at some point in time.

Explained by Vince
Editor at TextRanch

Last updated: October 06, 2024 • 13363 views

by refer to

'by refer to' is incorrect and not commonly used in English.

The correct form is 'by referring to' when indicating the action of referring to something in the past or present.

Show examples from the web [+]

What does the "2-ply" lyric in the Train song "Drive By" refer to? "Oh I swear to you I'll be there for you This is not a drive by Just a shy guy looking for a two ply".
What does the "2-ply" lyric in the Train song "Drive By" refer to? How many hip- hop artists have ever accumulated enough wealth to buy a high-end Gulfstream, ...
May 29, 2015 ... ... Notice, a template of a representation letter form shall be made available by REFER to the Noteholders, which may be obtained directly in.
Jun 30, 2015 ... shall be made available by REFER to the Noteholders, which may be obtained directly in the website www.refer.pt and at CMVM's information ...

Alternatives:

by referring to

by referring to

'by referring to' is the correct form to use when indicating the action of referring to something in the past or present.

Use 'by referring to' when you want to indicate the action of referring to something in the past or present.

Show examples from the web [+]

To be answered by referring to the principle of development. To explain the conditions of that relationship we must first establish a conception of the expression ...
Feb 4, 2014 ... "By referring to a generalized compressibility chart,it can be verified that the ideal gas equation of state is appropriate for. CO in this range of ...
You need to support the points you are making by referring to other people's work . This will strengthen your argument. The main way to do this is to cite authors ...
Sep 21, 2015 ... Reporter shocks Spain by referring to King Felipe with informal 'you'. A journalist has caused a stir after being a bit too informal with Spain's ...

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by refer to vs by referring to

by refer to

by referring to

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