year-on-year vs year on year

Both "year-on-year" and "year on year" are correct, but they are used in different contexts. "Year-on-year" is typically used as an adjective to describe a comparison between two consecutive years, while "year on year" is used as an adverbial phrase to indicate a comparison over a period of one year.

Last updated: March 31, 2024 • 998 views

year-on-year

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English to describe a comparison between two consecutive years.

The phrase "year-on-year" is used as an adjective to describe a comparison between two consecutive years. It is often used in financial reports, statistics, and business analyses.

Examples:

The company's revenue increased by 10% year-on-year.
There was a year-on-year decrease in customer satisfaction levels.

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It confirmed the definition of price stability that had been announced in October 1998 as a year-on-year increase of below 2 % in the HICP for the euro area.
2) Calculated as the difference between the year-on-year inflation rate in two consecutive months.
Therefore, at the end of 2000, year-on-year growth rates of export and import volumes were above 10 %.
Inflation target: 2.5% ± 1 p.p. (year-on-year change in CPI) as from 2004.
In 2001, exports grew by 13.1% year-on-year, while imports increased by 11.7%.
Following several years of high GDP growth, the Slovak economy started to lose momentum in the fourth quarter of 2008 when GDP growth slowed down to 2,5 % year-on-year.
The year-on-year growth rates need to be interpreted with particular caution on this occasion.
With regard to price developments, consumer price inflation declined further in the course of 1998 to 1.6% year-on-year in December 1998, in particular reflecting declining energy prices.
In the fourth quarter of 2005, real GDP growth accelerated to a year-on-year rate of 8.7%, resulting in an average growth rate of 7.5% for 2005.
As usual, the two other main components of overall producer prices, capital goods and consumer goods prices, displayed much more stability in their year-on-year rates of growth.
The year-on-year rate of change of the HICP excluding energy and unprocessed food prices remained unchanged at 1.9%.
Assessed against the estimates of GDP for the first quarter of 2009, which reveal a contraction of 5,6 % year-on-year, this scenario appears to be based on markedly favourable growth assumptions.
In year-on-year terms, real GDP for the region as a whole contracted by 2.8% in the first quarter of 2009 and by 3.9% in the second (although in quarter-on-quarter terms, it expanded by 0.4% in the second quarter).
Projected growth for 2009 and also 2010 appears to be on the high side in view of the rapidly deteriorating international environment, the year-on-year GDP growth estimate of - 3,1 % for the first quarter of 2009 and continued low confidence indicators.
In January 2003, the year-on-year rates of change in the HICP and the HICP excluding unprocessed food and energy declined to 2.2% and 2.0% respectively, which is 0.1 and 0.2 percentage point lower than in December 2002.
This resulted in a sharp increase in the year-on-year unit labour cost - to 3.4% - in the second quarter of this year, after several years of more moderate increases in the order of 1-1 1/2%.
Year-on-year growth increased to 8.9% in May 2000, but then declined.
Year-on-year growth increased to 3.7% in the second quarter of 2000 and declined thereafter to 3.0% in the last quarter.
Price and cost projections Year-on-year HICP inflation increased further in the first half of 2008, reaching 4.0% in July 2008.
My own recollection is that in 1998 the Governing Council announced that its monetary policy strategy was going to be based on a quantitative definition of price stability, defined as a year-on-year increase in the HICP of below 2%.

Alternatives:

year-over-year
from one year to the next
compared to the previous year
on an annual basis
over the course of a year

year on year

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English to indicate a comparison over a period of one year.

The phrase "year on year" is used as an adverbial phrase to indicate a comparison over a period of one year. It is often used in discussions about trends, changes, and growth.