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"within-subject variance" vs "within subject variance"

Both "within subject variance" and "within-subject variance" are correct, but the hyphenated version "within-subject variance" is more commonly used in academic and scientific writing. The hyphen helps to clarify that the term refers to the variance within a subject in a study.

Last Updated: March 23, 2024

within-subject variance

This hyphenated version is more commonly used in academic and scientific writing.

This phrase also refers to the variance observed within a single subject in a study, but the hyphen helps to clarify the term.

Alternatives:

  • within subject variance
  • within-subject variability
  • within-participant variance
  • within-subject variability
  • within-subject variation

within subject variance

This phrase is correct but less common in academic writing.

This phrase refers to the variance observed within a single subject in a study.

Alternatives:

  • within-subject variance
  • within-subject variability
  • within-participant variance
  • within-subject variability
  • within-subject variation

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