Which include vs Which include the

Both "which include" and "which include the" are correct, but they are used in different contexts. "Which include" is used when listing items without specifying a particular group, while "which include the" is used when referring to a specific group of items. The choice between the two depends on whether you want to emphasize the inclusiveness of the list or the specificity of the items.

Last updated: March 15, 2024

Which include

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English.

Use "which include" when listing items without specifying a particular group.

Examples:

The ingredients for the recipe, which include flour, sugar, and eggs, are all in the pantry.
There are several benefits to the new system, which include increased efficiency and cost savings.

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There are also projects related to civil society which include project activities in the area of social integration of vulnerable groups.
The HICP is based on observed prices, which include taxes on products.
The ECB published its requirements for the short-term statistics required to conduct monetary policy, which include data on job vacancies.
There are currently over 40 Union legislative acts on animal health which include provisions on animal diseases.
These justifications, which include public safety and damage to agricultural interests are listed in Article 16 of the Directive.
The Lisbon Strategy has set ambitious targets for the EU, which include raising employment levels and enhanced social cohesion.
It uses indicators which include prices, complaints, satisfaction and switching.
It is the role of the Refugee Convention to protect fundamental human rights which include the freedom of opinion, thought, belief and expression.
Biocidal products which include nanomaterials or which have been manufactured by means of the nanotechnology shall be clearly labelled as such.
The same holds true with respect to the calculation of incremental costs, which include marketing payments.
The EU definition of reefs includes biogenic reefs, which include those formed by cold water corals.
Imports of ARWs are covered by 2 ex CN codes which include also other products.
To address the poverty in this region, the Commission has in place development projects in southern and eastern Kalimantan, which include support for sustainable management of tropical forests.
Member State governments and government sub-sectors maintain public accounting systems which include elements such as bookkeeping, internal control, financial reporting, and auditing.
The Commission envisages several actions, which include:
But beware of the side effects which include sudden bouts of blindness, diarrhea, heart palpitations and a severe decline in moral standards.
The functional conditions, which include:
There are many benefits to this approach, which include:
They face additional costs, which include the expenses of transport itself and transport-related energy consumption, insurance and packaging.
Numerous programmes adopted down the years have sadly remained far from a reality, not to mention the Millennium Development Goals, which include the promotion of gender equality.

Alternatives:

such as
including
comprising
consisting of
among which are

Which include the

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English.

Use "which include the" when referring to a specific group of items.