"to sum up" vs "in sum"

Question

"to sum up" vs "in sum"

Both "to sum up" and "in sum" are correct phrases used to introduce a brief conclusion or summary. They are interchangeable and can be used in formal or informal contexts.

Last Updated: March 20, 2024

This phrase is used to provide a concise summary or conclusion of a discussion or presentation.

Examples:

To sum up, we have covered all the main points of the report.
To sum up, the key findings of the study suggest a need for further research.

Alternatives:

in conclusion
to conclude
in summary
in brief
in short

This phrase is also used to provide a concise summary or conclusion of a discussion or presentation.

Examples:

In sum, the main points of the argument can be summarized as follows.
In sum, the data suggests a clear trend towards increased sales.

Alternatives:

to sum up
in conclusion
to conclude
in summary
in brief

Answer 1

to sum up

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English to introduce a summary or conclusion.

Answer 2

in sum

This phrase is correct and can be used interchangeably with 'to sum up' to introduce a summary or conclusion.

"to sum up" vs "in sum"

to sum up

in sum

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