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to sum up vs in sum

Both "to sum up" and "in sum" are correct phrases used to introduce a brief conclusion or summary. They are interchangeable and can be used in formal or informal contexts.

Last updated: March 20, 2024 • 3033 views

to sum up

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English to introduce a summary or conclusion.

This phrase is used to provide a concise summary or conclusion of a discussion or presentation.

Examples:

To sum up, we have covered all the main points of the report.
To sum up, the key findings of the study suggest a need for further research.

Show examples from the web [+]

Six minutes to sum up a whole life.
So each of you has really just a couple sentences - 30 seconds each to sum up.
The perfect way to sum up this little musical journey through Austria is to say that outdoor music festivals are the new way to keep cool in summer.
Well to sum up, it boils down to one thing: Don't negotiate with terrorists.
Culture/ young people/ new technologies are the words that come to mind to sum up your projects.
I should like to thank the Commissioner again and shall leave her a few seconds to sum up.
Spoiled would be a fitting word to sum up the current generation that got their start in poker during the post-Moneymaker boom years.
So, to sum up: Yamaha's CDX-993 is in many ways an outstanding product, in view of its price.
Okay, so to sum up, there is a lot of research evidence that early childhood programs, if run in a high-quality way, pay off in higher adult skills.
Okay, so to sum up, basically, CD sales are going okay, but a little slower than I would have liked.
So to sum up, on the one hand, when a possible enemy announces they're building a cyberwar unit, you don't know whether it's for attack or defense.
I return to being a reporter for the paper with a breaking news article ready on Paola's death: seventy-five lines to sum up a drama, a life.
A minority tendency remains attached to the idea that, to sum up, "to the social question, there is no national solution".
Way to sum up the situation.
It's hard to sum up our incredible experience at Antico Feudo San Giorgio.
Well, to sum up we're having fun.
Ladies and gentlemen, allow me to sum up all the arguments.
I call on Deputy Prime Minister Vondra to sum up.
Mr President, I shall attempt to sum up.
I am not going to sum up all my recommendations here.

Alternatives:

in conclusion
to conclude
in summary
in brief
in short

in sum

This phrase is correct and can be used interchangeably with 'to sum up' to introduce a summary or conclusion.

This phrase is also used to provide a concise summary or conclusion of a discussion or presentation.

Examples:

In sum, the main points of the argument can be summarized as follows.
In sum, the data suggests a clear trend towards increased sales.

Show examples from the web [+]

in sum. star. see definition of in sum. Font size. X. Aa. Aa. Aa. Aa. Aa. show ... Synonyms for in sum. adv as a whole. en massestar · generallystar · allstar · all in ...
phrase formal. Contribute to our Open Dictionary · used for giving a summary of what you have said. In sum, alternative policies were not considered. Synonyms ...
In sum, Method Network's offerings comprise a managed service plus peering points that allow customers to monitor connectivity to the ASs their site visitors use ...
in sum. PHRASE: = in brief, in short, in a word, in a nutshell • It is a situation, in sum, devoid of logic. See sum. Comments. Log in to comment on this word.

Alternatives:

to sum up
in conclusion
to conclude
in summary
in brief

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