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therefore vs hence

Both 'therefore' and 'hence' are adverbs that can be used to indicate a conclusion or a result. They are interchangeable in many contexts, but 'therefore' is more formal and is often used in academic or professional writing, while 'hence' is slightly less formal and more commonly used in everyday language.

Last updated: March 24, 2024 • 1015 views

therefore

The word 'therefore' is a formal adverb used to introduce a logical conclusion or consequence.

It is commonly used in academic writing, formal reports, and professional contexts to show a cause-and-effect relationship or a logical result.

Examples:

  • He didn't study for the exam; therefore, he failed.
  • The experiment was successful; therefore, the hypothesis was correct.
  • The processes must therefore run parallel.
  • I therefore refute what Mr Seppänen has said.
  • The measure is therefore clearly non-discriminatory.
  • Industrial innovation therefore quickly progressed through constant improvements.
  • We therefore agree with the philosophy behind this report.
  • The screening process has therefore been completed with all candidates.
  • A legal duty therefore exists which must be respected.
  • We therefore harbour grave reservations about supporting these directives.
  • The Commission Communication is therefore welcomed.
  • Irradiated seafoods that were contaminated can therefore still be unsafe.
  • The offer was therefore not considered any further.
  • This group should therefore be added.
  • The articles relating to market surveillance should therefore be better structured.
  • Your rapporteur therefore welcomes in principle the approach proposed by the Commission.
  • Rail transport must therefore become more attractive and competitive.
  • The selectivity criterion is therefore fulfilled.
  • This second aspect will therefore be discussed separately.
  • Any list-based approach should therefore be avoided.
  • No further adjustment was therefore warranted.
  • We therefore respect whatever Parliament may decide.

Alternatives:

  • as a result
  • consequently
  • thus
  • henceforth

hence

The word 'hence' is a slightly less formal adverb used to indicate a conclusion or a result.

It is often used in everyday language to show a cause-and-effect relationship or a logical consequence, and it is more informal than 'therefore'.

Examples:

  • She was tired; hence, she decided to go to bed early.
  • The store is closed; hence, we need to find another place to shop.
  • Catamaran has two hulls, hence providing greater stability.
  • Time source unknown, unconfirmed, hence uncertain.
  • Still a controversial area, hence the secrecy.
  • It's imprinted, hence the discount.
  • Remuneration are subject to productivity hence should drive improved performance.
  • Margherita is too long, hence, they call me Cherè.
  • One: the exponential advancement of production technology; hence scientific ingenuity.
  • The initial payments constitute consideration and partial performance, hence a contract.
  • A compound fracture, hence the scar.
  • Souls, hence the whole... devil... thing.
  • I'm been cleared to resume regular activities, hence...
  • It provides an important commercial navigable connection between Berlin and the Oder, and hence Poland.
  • Tascosa hence had a governmental role like that of Mobeetie.
  • No officer has ever been irrefutably identified as the Caddy, hence his existence is putative.
  • We deal only with Latin and South America, hence the thrust of my questions.
  • Every perfect matching is maximum and hence maximal.
  • The stadium was built with money donated by the Kaftanzoglou Foundation, hence its name.
  • They have a slender snout used for catching prey, hence their name.
  • The total route was hence expanded to tie Dublin to Waurika.
  • The processing conditions used to mold PEEK can influence the crystallinity and hence the mechanical properties.

Alternatives:

  • thus
  • consequently
  • as a result
  • therefore

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