R&D vs R & D

Both "R&D" and "R & D" are correct, but "R&D" is the more common and accepted abbreviation for Research and Development. The use of the ampersand (&) in abbreviations is common in English, especially in technical or business contexts.

Last updated: April 01, 2024 • 758 views

R&D

This is a correct and commonly used abbreviation for Research and Development.

This is the standard abbreviation for Research and Development, commonly used in technical and business contexts.

Examples:

The company invests heavily in R&D to develop new products.
She works in the R&D department of a pharmaceutical company.
R&D is crucial for innovation in the technology sector.
The R&D team is working on a breakthrough project.
The company's success is driven by its focus on R&D.

Show examples from the web [+]

The priority accorded to R&D is also to be applauded.
Most of this was R&D aid (PLN 3243626).
Improve R&D in biotech, recapitalize...
Potential business opportunities require further R&D effort.
Information on R&D should remain confidential.
Leo Murray, R&D Director. Leo is an R&D Engineer with the Contract Research Unit (CRU) specialising in new product and service development.
Top ten floors, all R&D.
Facilitate, enhance and personalise the quality of R&D activities.
He's head of R&D for Dell.
Responsible for R&D. A subsidiary of the DIO.
Moreover, studies have shown a link between R&D spending, patent applications and productivity.
Italy also provided clarifications on Agusta's financial situation and its funding of R&D projects.
Italy provided the overall figures for Agusta's R&D expenditure.
Military projects funded under Act 808/85 accounted for [...] % of total R&D expenditure.
These specifications are the result of the R&D project.
Yet much of the gap in spending compared with its competitors relates to R&D financed by industry.
On R&D, priority should be given to common applications for improvement of and innovation in surveillance tools.
Important role of integrating R&D activities across Europe should be assigned to ERA-Nets and EUREKA as well.
Making R&D investment attractive for industry it's an absolute necessity and requires stronger efforts.
Over 80% of EU private sector R&D expenditures are spent in manufacturing.

Alternatives:

Research and Development
Research & Development

R & D

This is a correct abbreviation for Research and Development, but less common than "R&D".

While less common, this abbreviation with spaces and an ampersand is still acceptable in formal writing.

Examples:

The company has a dedicated Research & Development team.
She is involved in Research & Development projects.
The Research & Development budget has increased this year.
The report highlights the importance of Research & Development.
The company's success is attributed to its investment in Research & Development.

Show examples from the web [+]

In 2007 and 2008 the Commission approved several aid schemes supporting R & D activities notified by Spain.
Austria has increased spending on R & D significantly.
Subject: Community R & D funding
Several EU financed R & D projects on advanced biofuels are already on track.
As said above, pure R & D agreements rarely come under Article 81(1).
R & D agreements may vary in form and scope.
Romania has also continued the implementation of its R & D strategy.
In particular, public investment should serve to leverage private R & D financing.
Governance too is important in R & D.
R & D on alternative fuels is one of the priorities.
R & D cooperation between the EU and China is minimal, at best.
R & D cooperation may not only concern products but also technology.
That is why the Commission founded the intermodality R & D taskforce.
The company has its own R & D department that collaborates with external experts and suppliers.
The first initiating decision concerned 13 individual R & D projects.
Furthermore, the aid enabled Alenia to increase its R & D spending.
Moreover, those companies kept their headquarters and R & D activities in the Community.
Building on Eureka, it will stimulate and support transnational R & D projects led by such SMEs.
This will require large R & D efforts and international collaboration.
R & D in preparation of ITER operation

Alternatives:

Research and Development
R&D

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