have affected vs had affected

Both "have affected" and "had affected" are correct, but they are used in different contexts. "Have affected" is used for present perfect tense to indicate an action that started in the past and has an effect on the present. "Had affected" is used for past perfect tense to indicate an action that occurred before another past action.

Last updated: April 08, 2024 • 316 views

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English in the present perfect tense.

"have affected"

Use "have affected" in the present perfect tense to show that something started in the past and continues to have an effect on the present.

Examples:

The recent changes in the economy have affected many businesses.
The new regulations have affected the way we operate.
Climate change has affected the environment significantly.
The pandemic has affected people's mental health.
The decision has affected the outcome of the project.

Show examples from the web [+]

Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years: an analysis of the Global Burden of ...
Aug 26, 2022 ... Historic monsoon rains and flooding in Pakistan have affected more than 30 million people over the last few weeks, the country's climate ...
Oct 30, 2019 ... Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of lower respiratory infections among children younger than 5 years: an ...
5 days ago ... How VAR decisions have affected every Premier League club in 2022-23 · Editor's Picks · VAR Review: Explaining the offside drama in Liverpool vs.
4 days ago ... How sea ice, ocean currents, and climate change may have affected early human migration to North America. By Communications and Publishing ...
Sep 2, 2022 ... Or it may illustrate the smaller, unexpected ways that these laws have affected your life. We'd also love to hear from health care providers ...

Alternatives:

has affected
is affecting
is having an effect on
has impacted
has influenced

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English in the past perfect tense.

"had affected"

Use "had affected" in the past perfect tense to indicate an action that occurred before another past action.

Examples:

By the time we arrived, the storm had affected the power supply.
The delay in delivery had affected the production schedule.
The damage had affected the structural integrity of the building.
The issues had affected the team's performance.
The incident had affected her deeply.

Show examples from the web [+]

However, I could see that the boldness of his language had affected Miss Brentwood.
On September 24, 2004, Dustin succumbed to the cancer that had affected every organ in his body except for his heart and brain as the autopsy later revealed.
Mr President, how many days went by before European Union intervention arrived in the countries hit by the tidal wave, even though it was known right from the very first hours after the disaster that the tsunami had affected thousands of tourists of European origin?
Now, the poison had affected our personalities, each differently.
I saw her again in Marore in 1943, before coming back to the regiment, with her rigid back, due to the bony consumption that had affected her backbone two years before and since then she has to wear a plaster bodice.
It was just as inevitable that the protest, to be effective, should receive some countenance from a power which up to that moment had affected to regulate all the graver circumstances of life (cf.Harnack, Hist.
My identify is Stephen Hill, I've overcome a stutter which had affected my life for eighteen years. I now assist as many other people who stutter to achieve fluency as I can.
These innovations had affected most of the Runic Swedish speaking area as well in the end of the period, with the exception of the dialects spoken north and east of Mälardalen where the diphthongs still exist in remote areas.
But he also discovered that Arlene had been infected by a strange virus with the same properties as the cryoplasma that had affected Rad: weird!
Livestock grazing had previously caused erosion which had affected the shearwater colonies.
The war had affected these places too.
But Caesar upbringing had affected much of the family was involved in politics.
Well, I'm sure they didn't understand how their childhoods had affected them.
The severe mental trauma, the abnormal living conditions had affected the defendant's health and, as the psychiatrists say, deformed her personality.
Many of those he interviewed reported that their encounters had affected the way they regarded the world, including producing a heightened sense of spirituality and environmental concern.
They decided the empathy virus had affected your judgement, so they took away your memory of me.
In its 2003 report, the Court noted anomalies which had affected decisions in awarding contracts.
For his part, Brother Roger said that Pope John XXIII was the man who had affected him the most.
Immediately following the signing of the legislation, he visited each major island in the kingdom for a personal look at how the reciprocity treaty had affected his people.
He was the subject and interviewee of the 20 May 2008 edition of On the Ropes (Radio 4), discussing Alzheimer's and how it had affected his life.

Alternatives:

had an impact on
had influenced
had repercussions on
had consequences for
had consequences on

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have affected vs had affected

"have affected"

"had affected"

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