"for those who" vs "for those whom"

Question

"for those who" vs "for those whom"

Both 'for those whom' and 'for those who' are commonly used, but 'for those who' is more widely accepted and preferred in modern English. 'Whom' is becoming less common in everyday language, and 'who' is often used in its place, even in formal writing.

Last Updated: March 21, 2024

This phrase is used when referring to a group of people for whom something is intended or relevant. 'Who' is the subjective form of 'whom' and is used when it is the subject of a verb or clause.

Examples:

This program is designed for those who seek alternative learning methods.
For those who are interested, there will be a special presentation.
The scholarship is available for those who demonstrate financial need.
The event is open to those who have received the invitation.
For those who wish to participate, please sign up by the deadline.

Alternatives:

for those whom

This phrase is used when referring to a group of people for whom something is intended or relevant. 'Whom' is the objective form of 'who' and is used when it is the object of a verb or preposition.

Examples:

This program is designed for those whom traditional education does not serve well.
For those whom it may concern, please be advised of the upcoming changes.
The scholarship is available for those whom the financial burden of education is a barrier.
The event is open to those whom the invitation was extended.
For those whom the policy applies to, please review the updated guidelines.

Alternatives:

for those who

Answer 1

for those who

This phrase is widely accepted and preferred in modern English.

Answer 2

for those whom

This phrase is correct but less common in modern English.

"for those who" vs "for those whom"

for those who

for those whom

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