determined by law vs established by law

Both 'determined by law' and 'established by law' are correct phrases, but they are used in slightly different contexts. 'Determined by law' is used when referring to something that is fixed or decided by the law, while 'established by law' is used when something is set up or created by the law.

Last updated: March 30, 2024 • 1077 views

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English.

"determined by law"

This phrase is used to indicate that something is fixed or decided by the law.

Examples:

The minimum wage is determined by law.
The age of consent is determined by law.
The punishment for the crime is determined by law.

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The percentage is determined by law and applies equally to all public providers.
The expenditure for export refunds is determined by law and will therefore be paid regardless of what amount is specified in the budget.
'Government schemes' means healthcare financing schemes whose characteristics are determined by law or by the government and where a separate budget is set for the programme and a government unit that has an overall responsibility for it;
The scope and the substance of these rights are determined by Canadian law.
The procedural rules for such a challenge shall be determined by national law.
the specific conditions shall be determined by Community Law.
The procedure for concluding collective agreements is however determined by national law.
The consequences resulting from a contract being considered ineffective should be determined by national law.
The public authorities allocate the resources in the account according to a distribution scheme determined by the law.
Eligibility of expenditure under the national programmes should be determined by national law, subject to common principles set out in this Regulation.
Where no decision is taken within the time limit provided for in this paragraph, any consequences shall be determined by national law.
2. Member States shall ensure that operators may appeal against a prohibition order by a competent authority under paragraph 1 to an appropriate body determined by national law and procedures.
The conditions and the procedure for the re-acquisition of long-term resident status shall be determined by national law.
The procedural rules under which victims may be heard during criminal proceedings and may provide evidence shall be determined by national law.
Member States shall require third-country nationals to be in possession of a valid travel document, as determined by national law.
Such subrogated claims should benefit from the treatment determined by the law of the home Member State (lex concursus).
With regard to social assistance, the modalities and detail of the provision of core benefits to beneficiaries of subsidiary protection status should be determined by national law.
The law determined by the conflict-of-laws rules of this Regulation should apply to the grounds for divorce and legal separation.
Member States should therefore ensure that contracting authorities have the possibility, under the conditions determined by national law, to terminate a public contract during its term if so required by Union law.
The modalities of the right of the data subject to be informed and the exceptions thereto shall be determined by national law.

Alternatives:

regulated by law
prescribed by law
mandated by law
governed by law
dictated by law

This phrase is correct and commonly used in English.

"established by law"

This phrase is used to indicate that something is set up or created by the law.

Examples:

The legal framework was established by law.
The rights of citizens are established by law.
The procedures for elections are established by law.

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independent body established by law, which is concluded by a binding decision;
established by law to challenge the substantive or procedural legality of decisions, acts or omissions subject to the public participation provisions of this Directive.
The State will, under terms to be established by law, subsidise the journeys of residents and students, provided the criteria and fares specified in points 1 and 2 are applied.
The State will, under terms to be established by law, subsidise the journeys of residents and students on condition that the rules and fares applicable under 1 and 2 above are complied with.
The Equalisation Fund is a public body established by law, which carries out its functions on the basis of precise instructions laid down in the decisions of the AEEG.
In contrast to the UK system and the recently established Irish Financial Services Ombudsman, the German scheme was not established by law but by voluntary agreement of the insurance industry, which is also responsible for its financing.
The Fund is, as described above, established by law and owned by the Icelandic State which allocates resources to the Fund through the annual State budget.
The Scheme is clearly funded by state resources as it was funded mainly through the general budget and, to a lesser extent, through the budget of the SCAA which is a central government agency established by law.
The Commission notes that in the present case the aid is granted not directly by the State but by AMA, an intermediate body established by law and controlled by the State (see recital 49).
have access to a review procedure before a court of law or another independent and impartial body established by law to challenge the substantive or procedural legality of decisions, acts or omissions subject to the public participation provisions of this Directive.
(f) "environmental proceedings" means the administrative or judicial review proceedings in matters relating to the environment before a court or other impartial, independent body established by law, which is concluded by a binding decision;
The fund established by Law No 96-1139 is no longer financed. The funds were cleared and expenditure relating to the PRS is entered directly in the budget of the Ministry of Agriculture along with any other expenditure for which it is responsible.
The Commission considers that the above analysis has identified a number of indicators which suggest that the scheme established by Law 3220/2004 should properly be considered as a new aid scheme.
In particular, the scheme created by this Law co-existed for some time with the scheme established by Law 2601/1998, and contains different conditions and procedure for the grant of aid.
Member States shall ensure that where a request for recognition has been rejected this decision can be reviewed in courts or another independent and impartial body established by law.
AMA and AMA Marketing have been established by law.
This also becomes particularly important with the express reference in the preamble to the principle of a fair hearing by an impartial tribunal established by law.
Breeders' organisations that satisfy the requirements established by law
Any such interference would be contrary to the lawfulness principle, enshrined in the Brazilian Constitution, which provides that public authorities can only act if established by law.
Operators may appeal against any decision taken by the competent authority under this Article to a court or other independent and impartial body established by law.

Alternatives:

enacted by law
implemented by law
instituted by law
formalized by law
ordained by law

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determined by law vs established by law